@TechReport{Dartmouth:TR2005-545,
  author = {Siwei Lyu},
  title = {{Automatic Image Orientation Determination with Natural Image Statistics}},
  institution = {Dartmouth College, Computer Science},
  address = {Hanover, NH},
  number = {TR2005-545},
  year = {2004},
  month = {October},
  URL = {http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/reports/TR2005-545.pdf},
  abstract = {
    In this paper, we propose a new method for automatically determining
    image orientations. This method is based on a set of natural image
    statistics collected from a multi-scale multi-orientation image
    decomposition (e.g., wavelets).  From these statistics, a two-stage
    hierarchal classification with multiple binary SVM classifiers is
    employed to de- termine image orientation. The proposed method is
    evaluated and compared to existing methods with experiments performed
    on 18040 natural images, where it showed promising performance.  
  }
}