BibTeX for papers by David Kotz; for complete/updated list see https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/papers.html @Misc{hardin:patent1, author = {Taylor Hardin and David Kotz}, title = {{Data system with information provenance}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 12,244,726}, year = 2025, month = {March}, day = 4, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/hardin-patent1/index.html}, note = {Priority date March 2, 2020. Application March 2, 2021. Issued March 4, 2025.}, abstract = {A secure, integrated data system and method users both blockchain and Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) technologies to achieve information provenance for data, particularly, mobile health device data. Using a blockchain to record and enforce data access policies removes the need to trust a single entity with gatekeeping the health data. Instead, participants form a consortium and collectively partake in verifying and enforcing access policies for data stored in private data silos. Data access and computation takes place inside of TEEs, which preserves data confidentiality and provides a verifiable attestation that can be stored on the blockchain for the purpose of information provenance.}, } @Misc{perez:scanner-patent, author = {Beatrice Perez and Timothy Pierson and Gregory Mazzaro and David Kotz}, title = {{Harmonic Radar Scanner for Electronics}}, howpublished = {Patent Application 18/749,826, published as US2024/0426974}, year = 2024, month = {December}, day = 26, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/perez-scanner-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 6/21/23; filed 6/21/24; published 12/26/24}, abstract = {A harmonic radar system for detecting an electronic device includes a signal generator for generating one or more transmit radio frequency (RF) signals, a transmitting antenna for sending the transmit RF signals into an environment, a receiving antenna for receiving signals reflected or re-radiated by the electronic device in the environment in response to the transmit RF signals, and a spectrum analyzer for identifying a harmonic frequency of the transmit RF signals in the filtered signals.}, } @Misc{pierson:snap-patent, author = {Timothy J. Pierson and Ronald Peterson and David F. Kotz}, title = {{System and method for proximity detection with single-antenna device}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 11,871,233; International Patent Application WO2019210201A1}, year = 2024, month = {January}, day = 9, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/pierson-snap-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2018-04-27; Filed 2019-04-26; Published 2021-07-29, Issued 2024-01-09}, abstract = {A single-antenna device includes a single antenna, at least one processor, and at least one memory. The single-antenna device is operable to receive a signal including at least one frame. Each of said frame includes a repeating portion. The single-antenna device determines a difference of phase and amplitude of the repeating portion and further determines whether the signal is transmitted from a trusted source based at least in part on the difference of phase and amplitude of the repeating portion.}, } @Misc{pierson:closetalker-patent2, author = {Timothy J. Pierson and Ronald Peterson and David Kotz}, title = {{Apparatuses, Methods, and Software For Secure Short-Range Wireless Communication}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 11,894,920}, year = 2024, month = {February}, day = 6, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/pierson-closetalker-patent2/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2017-09-06; WO Filed 2018-09-06, US Filed 2020-02-26, Continuation of 11,153,026; Issued 2024-02-06}, abstract = {Apparatuses that provide for secure wireless communications between wireless devices under cover of one or more jamming signals. Each such apparatus includes at least one data antenna and at least one jamming antenna. During secure-communications operations, the apparatus transmits a data signal containing desired data via the at least one data antenna while also at least partially simultaneously transmitting a jamming signal via the at least one jamming antenna. When a target antenna of a target device is in close proximity to the data antenna and is closer to the data antenna than to the jamming antenna, the target device can successfully receive the desired data contained in the data signal because the data signal is sufficiently stronger than the jamming signal within a finite secure-communications envelope due to the Inverse Square Law of signal propagation. Various related methods and machine-executable instructions are also disclosed.}, } @Misc{pierson:wanda-patent2, author = {Timothy J. Pierson and Xiaohui Liang and Ronald Peterson and David Kotz}, title = {{Apparatus for securely configuring a target device}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 11,683,071}, year = 2023, month = {June}, day = 20, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/pierson-wanda-patent2/index.html}, note = {Continuation of U.S. Patent 10,574,298. Priority date 2015-06-23; Filed 2020-01-20; Allowed 2023-02-10; Issued 2023-06-20}, abstract = {Apparatus and method securely transfer first data from a source device to a target device. A wireless signal having (a) a higher speed channel conveying second data and (b) a lower speed channel conveying the first data is transmitted. The lower speed channel is formed by selectively transmitting the wireless signal from one of a first and second antennae of the source device based upon the first data. The first and second antenna are positioned a fixed distance apart and the target device uses a received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the first signal to decode the lower speed channel and receive the first data.}, } @Misc{mare:saw-patent, author = {Shrirang Mare and David Kotz and Ronald Peterson}, title = {{Effortless authentication for desktop computers using wrist wearable tokens}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 11,574,039}, year = 2023, month = {February}, day = 7, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/mare-saw-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2018-07-20; International application Filed 2019-07-19; National stage Filed 2021-01-20; Issued 2023-02-07}, abstract = {A system and method for authenticating users of a digital device includes an authentication device attached to an authorized user. The authentication device includes one or more motion sensors and acts as a user identity token. To authenticate with a digital device, the user performs one or more interactions with the digital device using the hand associated with the authentication device. The digital device correlates the inputs received due to the interactions with the user's hand and/or wrist movement, as measured by the authentication device. Access to the digital device is allowed if the inputs and movements are correlated.}, } @Misc{pierson:closetalker-patent, author = {Timothy J. Pierson and Ronald Peterson and David Kotz}, title = {{Apparatuses, Methods, and Software For Secure Short-Range Wireless Communication}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 11,153,026}, year = 2021, month = {October}, day = 19, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/pierson-closetalker-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2017-09-06; WO Filed 2018-09-06, US Filed 2020-02-26, US amendment filed 2021-01-29; Issued 2021-10-19}, abstract = {Apparatuses that provide for secure wireless communications between wireless devices under cover of one or more jamming signals. Each such apparatus includes at least one data antenna and at least one jamming antenna. During secure-communications operations, the apparatus transmits a data signal containing desired data via the at least one data antenna while also at least partially simultaneously transmitting a jamming signal via the at least one jamming antenna. When a target antenna of a target device is in close proximity to the data antenna and is closer to the data antenna than to the jamming antenna, the target device can successfully receive the desired data contained in the data signal because the data signal is sufficiently stronger than the jamming signal within a finite secure-communications envelope due to the Inverse Square Law of signal propagation. Various related methods and machine-executable instructions are also disclosed.}, } @Misc{bi:auracle-patent, author = {Shengjie Bi and Tao Wang and Nicole Tobias and Josephine Nordrum and Robert Halvorsen and Ron Peterson and Kelly Caine and Xing-Dong Yang and Kofi Odame and Ryan Halter and Jacob Sorber and David Kotz}, title = {{System for detecting eating with sensor mounted by the ear}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent Application PCT/US2019/044317; Worldwide Patent Application WO2020028481A9}, year = 2021, month = {February}, day = 1, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/bi-auracle-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2018-07-31; Filed 2019-07-31; Amended 2021-02-01}, abstract = {A wearable device for detecting eating episodes uses a contact microphone to provide audio signals through an analog front end to an analog-to-digital converter to digitize the audio and provide digitized audio to a processor; and a processor configured with firmware in a memory to extract features from the digitized audio. A classifier determines eating episodes from the extracted features. In embodiments, messages describing the detected eating episodes are transmitted to a cell phone, insulin pump, or camera configured to record video of the wearer's mouth.}, } @Misc{pierson:wanda-patent, author = {Timothy J. Pierson and Xiaohui Liang and Ronald Peterson and David Kotz}, title = {{Apparatus for Securely Configuring A Target Device and Associated Methods}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 10,574,298}, year = 2020, month = {February}, day = 25, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/pierson-wanda-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2015-06-23; Filed 2016-06-23; Issued 2020-02-25}, abstract = {Apparatus and method securely transfer first data from a source device to a target device. A wireless signal having (a) a higher speed channel conveying second data and (b) a lower speed channel conveying the first data is transmitted. The lower speed channel is formed by selectively transmitting the wireless signal from one of a first and second antennae of the source device based upon the first data. The first and second antenna are positioned a fixed distance apart and the target device uses a received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the first signal to decode the lower speed channel and receive the first data.}, } @Misc{liang:lighttouch-patent, author = {Xiaohui Liang and Tianlong Yun and Ron Peterson and David Kotz}, title = {{Secure System For Coupling Wearable Devices To Computerized Devices with Displays}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 10,581,606}, year = 2020, month = {March}, day = 3, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/liang-lighttouch-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2014-08-18, Filed 2015-08-18; Issued 2020-03-03.}, abstract = {A system has a first electronic device with optical sensor, digital radio transceiver, and processor with firmware; this device is typically portable or wearable. The system also has a computerized device with a display, a second digital radio transceiver, and a second processor with firmware. The first and computerized devices are configured to set up a digital radio link when in radio range. The second processor uses a spot on the display to optically transmit a digital message including a secret such as an encryption key or subkey and/or an authentication code adapted for authenticating an encrypting the radio link. The first device receives the digital message via its optical sensor, and uses the digital message to validate and establish encryption on the radio link. In embodiments, the system determines a location of the first device on the display and positions the transmission spot at the determined location.}, } @Misc{kotz:patent9936877, author = {David Kotz and Ryan Halter and Cory Cornelius and Jacob Sorber and Minho Shin and Ronald Peterson and Shrirang Mare and Aarathi Prasad and Joseph Skinner and Andr{\'{e}}s Molina-Markham}, title = {{Wearable computing device for secure control of physiological sensors and medical devices, with secure storage of medical records, and bioimpedance biometric}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 9,936,877; International Patent Application WO2013096954A1}, year = 2018, month = {April}, day = 10, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/kotz-patent9936877/index.html}, note = {This patent adds claims to its predecessor; Priority date 2011-12-23; Filed 2017-02-07; Issued 2018-04-10}, abstract = {A wearable master electronic device (Amulet) has a processor with memory, the processor coupled to a body-area network (BAN) radio and uplink radio. The device has firmware for BAN communications with wearable nodes to receive data, and in an embodiment, send configuration data. The device has firmware for using the uplink radio to download apps and configurations, and upload data to a server. An embodiment has accelerometers in Amulet and wearable node, and firmware for using accelerometer readings to determine if node and Amulet are worn by the same subject. Other embodiments use pulse sensors or microphones in the Amulet and node to both identify a subject and verify the Amulet and node are worn by the same subject. Another embodiment uses a bioimpedance sensor to identify the subject. The wearable node may be an insulin pump, chemotherapy pump, TENS unit, cardiac monitor, or other device.}, } @Misc{molina-markham:patent9961547, author = {Andr{\'{e}}s D. Molina-Markham and Shrirang Mare and Ronald Peterson and David Kotz}, title = {{Continuous seamless mobile device authentication using a separate electronic wearable apparatus}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 9,961,547}, year = 2018, month = {May}, day = 1, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/molina-markham-patent9961547/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2016-09-30, Filed 2016-09-30; Issued 2018-05-01}, abstract = {A technique performs a security operation. The technique includes receiving first activity data from a mobile device, the first activity data identifying activity by a user that is currently using the mobile device. The technique further includes receiving second activity data from an electronic wearable apparatus, the second activity data identifying physical activity by a wearer that is currently wearing the electronic wearable apparatus. The technique further includes, based on the first activity data received from the mobile device and the second activity data received from the electronic wearable apparatus, performing an assessment operation that provides an assessment result indicating whether the user that is currently using the mobile device and the wearer that is currently wearing the electronic wearable apparatus are the same person. With such a technique, authentication may be continuous but without burdening the user to repeatedly re-enter a password.}, } @Misc{mare:patent9832206, author = {Shrirang Mare and Andr{\'{e}}s Molina-Markham and Ronald Peterson and David Kotz}, title = {{System, Method and Authorization Device for Biometric Access Control to Digital Devices}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 9,832,206; International Patent Application WO2014153528A2}, year = 2017, month = {November}, day = 28, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/mare-patent9832206/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2013-03-21; Filed 2014-03-21; Issued 2017-11-28}, abstract = {A system and method for authenticating and continuously verifying authorized users of a digital device includes an authentication device attached to an arm or wrist of authorized users. The authentication device has an accelerometer, digital radio, a processor configured to provide identity information over the radio, and to transmit motion data. The motion data is received by the digital device and the identity transmitted is verified as an identity associated with an authorized user. Input at a touchscreen, touchpad, mouse, trackball, or keyboard of the digital device is detected, and correlated with the motion data. Access to the digital device is allowed if the detected input and the detected motion data correlate, and disallowed otherwise.}, } @Misc{kotz:patent9595187, author = {David Kotz and Ryan Halter and Cory Cornelius and Jacob Sorber and Minho Shin and Ronald Peterson and Shrirang Mare and Aarathi Prasad and Joseph Skinner and Andr{\'{e}}s Molina-Markham}, title = {{Wearable computing device for secure control of physiological sensors and medical devices, with secure storage of medical records, and bioimpedance biometric}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent 9,595,187; International Patent Application WO2013096954A1}, year = 2017, month = {March}, day = 14, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/kotz-patent9595187/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2011-12-23; Filed 2012-12-24; Issued 2017-03-14}, abstract = {A wearable master electronic device (Amulet) has a processor with memory, the processor coupled to a body-area network (BAN) radio and uplink radio. The device has firmware for BAN communications with wearable nodes to receive data, and in an embodiment, send configuration data. The device has firmware for using the uplink radio to download apps and configurations, and upload data to a server. An embodiment has accelerometers in Amulet and wearable node, and firmware for using accelerometer readings to determine if node and Amulet are worn by the same subject. Other embodiments use pulse sensors or microphones in the Amulet and node to both identify a subject and verify the Amulet and node are worn by the same subject. Another embodiment uses a bioimpedance sensor to identify the subject. The wearable node may be an insulin pump, chemotherapy pump, TENS unit, cardiac monitor, or other device.}, } @Misc{kotz:radio-patent, author = {David Kotz and Daniela Rus and David Maramros and John C. Artz}, title = {{Methods and apparatus for personalized content presentation}}, howpublished = {U.S. Patent Application PCT/US2001/049518; International Patent Application WO2002052374A2}, year = 2002, month = {July}, day = 4, URL = {https://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~kotz/research/kotz-radio-patent/index.html}, note = {Priority date 2000-12-26; Filed 2001-12-26; Published 2002-07-04; Abandoned 2003-06-26. Note third author's name is misspelled; the correct spelling is Marmaros.}, abstract = {Methods and structure for dynamically tailoring selection of rich content for recommendation to a user wherein the recommendation process determines recommendations in accordance with past user selections. A server process (102) provides lists of recommended content to a client process (100), through a WAN (104), associated with an identified user. The user on the client process (100) then selects content and provides the server process (102) with a rating through the user feedback input (112).}, }